How Title Insurance Protects Your Investment
Make sure you purchase an owner’s title insurance policy to protect your property rights. Find out how for a one-time fee an owner’s policy can protect your important property rights for as long as you or your heirs own the property. Also, learn about common and real-life title problems that could impact your property rights.
Get an Owner’s Policy to Protect Your Property Rights
New homeowners want to focus on buying new furniture for the living room or painting walls, not worrying about having to pay a bill left behind by a previous owner.
Lenders require a title insurance policy to protect their investment. You should have a policy to protect your investment as well. For a one-time fee paid at closing, an owner’s policy can protect your property rights for as long as you or your heirs own the property.
An owner’s policy protects you from:
- Unpaid mortgages
- Unpaid property taxes
- Child support liens
- Missing heirs who could claim the property belongs to him or her
- Missed easements or rights of way that could limit your use of the property
There are two types of title insurance policies. As mentioned, the owner’s policy protects the homebuyer. A loan policy protects the lender. Most lenders usually require a loan policy when they issue you a loan. The loan policy is based usually on the dollar amount of your loan. It only protects the lender’s interests in the property should a problem with the title arise. It does not protect the buyer. The policy amount decreases each year and eventually disappears as the loan is paid off. An owner’s policy, usually issued in the amount of the real estate purchase, provides protection for as long as you or your heirs have an interest in the property.
Real-life Title Problems
Missouri Couple Saved from Foreclosure
A couple purchased a home from their landlord, who had taken out a $419,000 loan to purchase the property along with several other properties. The lien was missed during the title search, so the lender paid the landlord instead of paying off the lien. Despite making their payments, the bank sent a letter saying the home would be auctioned. Because the couple purchased an Owner’s Title Insurance Policy, the title company paid the lien and the husband and wife kept their home.
Texas Builder Sells Homes With Liens
A Texas-based builder sold first-time homebuyers houses that were encumbered by undisclosed liens. When Casa Linda Homes subsequently failed to pay its undisclosed debt, the creditors who were owed money then instituted foreclosure proceedings or filed lawsuits against the homebuyers. Because the deals were “seller financed,” the builder didn’t require the buyers to purchase title insurance, which would have protected the buyers.
Vacant Virginia Properties Fraudulently Sold
In Virginia, properties were sold to unsuspecting buyers. Unfortunately, the sellers weren’t the rightful owners of the properties. Instead, death certificates of the real owners were falsified and the fraudsters appeared at settlement to sign the closing documents. The criminals were caught and the properties were returned to the rightful owners. But what about the unsuspecting buyers? If they had purchased an Owner’s Title Insurance Policy they would have been covered. However, if they weren’t properly advised to protect their investment they would not have only been without a home, but also lost their entire down payment.
Calif. Non-profit Dissolves After Losing Suit
Mendocino Coast Television voted to dissolve its non-profit organization after losing a lawsuit that found the TV station never really owned its headquarters. An Owner’s Title Insurance Policy would have covered the costs of the non-profit’s lawsuit.
Underground Utility Lines
After a months-long search, you finally find your family’s dream home—a safe neighborhood and great schools, and a big backyard for the swimming pool you plan to build. You move in and hire a contractor, but a few days into construction the contractor finds an underground utility line running right through the middle of your backyard. You check your owner’s policy and find out that the title search did not discover this easement.
If the homeowner purchased an owner’s policy, their title insurance company would pay to have the underground utility relocated so they could build their swimming pool.
Fraud and Forgery
Fraud and forgery are examples of hidden title hazards that can remain undetected until after a closing despite the most careful precautions. Although emphasizing risk elimination, an owner’s policy protects you financially through negotiation by the insurer with third-parties, payment for defending against an attack on the title as insured, and payment of valid claims.
Innocent buyers purchased a home site through a real estate company, accepting a notarized deed from the seller. After the purchase, another couple—the true owners of the property who lived in another city—initiated legal action to prove they actually owned the property. Because the innocent buyer purchased an owner’s policy for a one-time fee at closing, the title company provided a money settlement to protect against financial loss.
As it turned out, a forger spent time in advance at the local courthouse, searching the public records to locate property with out-of-town owners who had been in possession for an extended period of time. The individual involved then forged and recorded a deed to a fictitious person and assumed the identity of that person before listing the property for sale to an innocent purchaser, handling most contacts through an answering service. Also, the identity of the notary appearing on deeds was fictitious as well.
Homeowners without this coverage would have lost their home.
REMINDER: For a one-time fee, an owner’s policy provides protection for as long as you or your heirs on the property. In addition to protecting your investment, an owner’s policy also covers the legal fees and the cost of defending your property rights.
Title Search
A professional will search public records for debts, legal judgments and other homeownership issues to give you peace of mind in your investment.
Some of the items reviewed include:
- prior deeds
- mortgages
- divorce decrees
- court judgments
- delinquent taxes
- child support payments
A title professional will also look for covenants, conditions and restrictions and other types of easements. When an issue is discovered, the title professional will take care of it—typically without you even knowing about it. If the problem is not easily resolved, you will be notified. Title searches reveal problems on more than a third of all residential real estate transactions.
Unknown Issues
Some title issues are not apparent from a review of the public record. Title insurance provides coverage for undisclosed title defects that might later result in a claim.
Unknown events include:
- forgery
- documents signed by minors or someone incompetent
- deeds executed under an expired power of attorney
- errors on the public record
This work is necessary to issue the insurance policy and often includes the cost of conducting a title search, examination, correcting errors, issuing the policy, and, frequently, the settlement or closing for consumers.
An owner’s policy protects against these additional items.